A clash of cultures (and lawyers): Anglo Platinum and mine-affected communities in Limpopo Province,South Africa

The human rights related controversies surrounding Anglo Platinum's Mogalakwena mine in South Africa's Limpopo Province hit the world stage in 2008, attracting public scrutiny and instigating much debate in the realm of international business and human rights discussions. We provide an in-depth analysis of the controversies at Mogalakwena, and Anglo Platinum's responses. This case study contributes to ongoing debates on mining company-community relations in the context of the emerging business and human rights agenda, specifically with respect to the notion of human rights ‘due diligence’. We argue that the Mogalakwena case study illustrates the risks of companies adhering to and emphasizing the technical and logistical facets of due diligence, without sufficient attention to the relational, communicative and emergent aspects, which are closely tied to corporate culture. We highlight the complexities of company-community relationships, with particular reference to the issues of legitimate community representation and participatory decision-making, and discuss the role that organizational culture plays in exacerbating or mitigating corporate-community conflict. The case study demonstrates how legal challenges often exacerbate rather than resolve the conflicts that arise due to a clash between corporate and community cultures. We suggest the need for corporate leaders to become more conscious of this cultural dimension of effective social management, particularly when interacting with communities whose cultures are markedly different from those of business corporations.     

Co负载量对Co/TiZrO4催化CO2氧化乙烷脱氢制乙烯反应性能的影响

Co基催化剂在低碳烷烃直接脱氢及氧化脱氢制烯烃方面表现出良好的应用潜力.为了探究Co物种的价态对CO₂氧化乙烷脱氢制乙烯的影响,以共沉淀法制备的TiZrO₄固溶体为载体,采用浸渍法制备了一系列X%Co/TiZrO₄(X=0.5、1、3、5和7.5)催化剂.结果表明,0.5%Co/TiZrO₄和1%Co/TiZrO₄催化剂的催化活性较差,但保持了相当高的C₂H₄选择性(>90%)和碳平衡(≈100%);3%Co/TiZrO₄催化剂在反应过程中表现出良好的C₂H₆和CO₂活化能力,在650℃、质量空速WHSV=9000 mL?g^-1?h^-1的反应条件下获得了约25%的乙烯收率;而5%Co/TiZrO₄和7.5%Co/TiZrO₄催化剂则在600℃及以上温度反应...     

可持续发展社会的生活理念与模式建立的探索

可持续生活方式是可持续发展社会中的基本生活类型，是实现可持续发展战略目标的社会基础。要使之成为我国社会的一种基本生活方式，关键在于民众普遍接受可持续道德价值观。     

高压M废水生化处理中硫化物测定方法的探讨

高压Ｍ废水成分较复杂，如何准确测定其中硫化物的含量，是考查高压Ｍ废水处理好坏的关键问题．本论文分析了测量误差产生的原因，选择了能使测量值趋于准确的新型预处理沉淀剂，并根据水中硫化物含量的不同，选用不同的测量方法，达到减少杂质干扰、准确分析、降低误差的目的．     

F/M对ASBR中基质的吸收、储存和利用影响

研究了不同F/M（COD/VSS）下以葡萄糖为基质时厌氧序批式反应器（ASBR）中的微生物代谢规律.结果表明,在序批操作条件下,水解产酸菌对葡萄糖的代谢存在2条并列的途径,即直接代谢为VFA和首先转化为胞内储存物糖原,然后糖原再被转化为VFA.前者约占进水COD的34%～38%,而后者则高达41%～46%.F/M越高,糖原的储存量越大,当F/M分别为0.27、 0.20和0.14时,单位质量污泥糖原的最大储存量分别为116.8、 81.1和62.4 mg/g.糖原的储存减缓了VFA的积累,为ASBR反应器的高效和正常运行创造了条件.     

Pollutant loads of surface runo inWuhan City Zoo, an urban tourist area

The pollutant loads of surface runoff in an urban tourist area have been investigated for two years in the Wuhan City Zoo, China. Eight sampling sites, including two woodlands, three animal yards, two roofs and one road, were selected for sampling and study. The results indicate that pollutants ranked in a predictable order of decreasing load （e.g. animal yard〉roof〉woodland〉road）, with animal yards acting as the key pollution source in the zoo. Pollutants were transported mainly by particulate form in runoff. Particulate nitrogen and particulate phosphorous accounted on average for 61%, 78% of total pollutant, respectively, over 13 monitored rainfall events. These results indicate the treatment practices should be implemented to improve particulate nutrient removal. Analysis of the M（V） curve indicate that no first flush effect existed in the surface runoff from pervious areas （e.g. woodland, animal ground yard）, whereas a first flush effect was evident in runoff from impervious surfaces （e.g. animal cement yard, roof, road）.     

乙烯装置裂解炉操作的危害分析及对策

分析识别乙烯装置裂解炉操作中的危害因素,制定了确保裂解炉安全运行的对策.     

Biosorption of mercury by Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida: Influence of zinc, cadmium and nickel

The article investigated the adsorption of Hg(II) on Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida in monometallic system and in the presence of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II).     

Vaporization reduction characteristics of aqueous ammonia solutions by the addition of ethylene glycol, glycerol and glycine to the CO2 absorption process

Aqueous ammonia (NH₃) solution can be used as an alternative absorption for the control of CO₂ emitted from flue gases due to its high absorption capacity, fast absorption rate and low corrosion problem. The emission of CO₂ from iron and steel plants requires much attention, as they are higher than those emitted from power plants at a single point source. In the present work, low concentration ammonia liquor, 9 wt.%, was used with various additives to obtain the kinetic properties using the blast furnace gas model. Although a solution with a high ammonia concentration enables high CO₂ absorption efficiency, ammonium ions are lost as ammonia vapor, resulting in reduced CO₂ absorption due to the lower concentration of the ammonia absorbent. To decrease the vaporization of ammonia, ethylene glycol, glycerol and glycine, which contain more than one hydroxyl radical, were chosen. The experiments were conducted at 313 K similar to the CO₂ absorption conditions for the blast furnace gas model.     

石化乙烯工业废水中关键毒性物质的鉴别

借鉴美国环保署制定的毒性物质鉴别评价技术(TIE),直接从企业生产的工艺出发,结合废水的主要水质指标对某石化厂乙烯工业废水进行毒性鉴别试验,发现废水中的苯和硫化物对大型蚤具有明显的致死性,其中苯是废水中的关键毒物。所取废水对测试生物大型蚤的24 h-LC50均值为53.68%,其中主要致毒物质苯的含量大约30 mg/L。